9/28/2023 0 Comments Mirillis action forums![]() It uses Mirillis ultra-fast, multicore optimized, proprietary video codec (FICV - Fast Intra Compression Video standard) which together with highly optimized application engine provides the ultimate performance of real-time HD video recording. The outstanding screen recording performance!Īction! defines a new standard of performance for gameplay and desktop recording software. Outstanding screen and gameplay recording performance and GPU utilization allows the smoothest real-time HD gameplay recording ever! Display current and average game framerate (FPS) during gameplay and save your benchmark results. This brand new recording mode allows you to record your Windows desktop screen in complete privacy! Record only the application you want to show to others on your screen recording, while the rest of your desktop screen will be blackened-out and not recorded on your video. Try screen recording with Selected Application recording option. Add your own logo, webcam, microphone commentary and record video to your local disk or live stream to popular services. ![]() Select device recording mode to capture video from gaming consoles, other PC, TV broadcasts, webcams or camcorders. Record webcam or USB/HDMI Capture Devices You don't need to have special camera for that - all you need is Action! screen recorder and any solid color background, what is much cheaper solution and gives the same, if not better, results. ![]() Now you can cut out the background, while recording with your webcam, from your video recording. Action! screen recorder defines new standard of user experience for games benchmarking, gameplay and Windows desktop real-time recording software.Īction! gives you Greenscreen Mode. Built-in screen and gameplay recording manager allows to browse, delete selected items and export recordings to popular formats and devices. The most user friendly and stylish interface of all screen recorders!Īction! is compact, stylish and user friendly. ![]() With Action! you can record and stream your gameplay, web player videos, record music, capture screenshots, add webcams, microphone commentary and more! Live stream gameplay and desktop activity to popular services!Īction! LIVE Streaming service allows to stream all your gameplays, videos or desktop activity to popular streaming services like Twitch.Mirillis Action! screen recorder allows streaming and real-time recording of Windows desktop in a superb HD video quality. Action! screen recorder also captures video directly to MP4 format utilizing NVIDIA NVENC, AMD APP or Intel® Quick Sync Video hardware acceleration. Mirillis Action! screen recorder allows streaming and real-time recording of Windows desktop in a superb HD video quality.
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9/27/2023 0 Comments Record and transcribe lecturesSmartphone audio recording app: bring the phone fully charged and with several gigabytes of storage space left on the phone.External audio recording device: bring some fresh batteries and a formatted SD card with at least 4GB of space.Specifically, consider these tips for each recording device: Audio files are generally small, but can add up! Have the right storage and capacity ready. ![]() Long recordings can drain batteries fast! This means you need to ensure the following: Whether you’re bringing a phone or audio recorder to the class, you’ll want to be sure it can handle the task. Now that you’ve decided on an audio recorder, it’s time to prepare for your classroom recording process. You can download the Rev voice recorder app for free on the Apple App Store or Google Play. Once you’ve captured an audio file, you can submit a transcription order in-app. The voice recorder app by Rev allows you to record high-quality audio that is ideal for transcription. What is the best app for recording lectures? Your smartphone should have a voice recorder built-in or available in the app store. Yes! Today’s smartphones generally offer excellent audio quality for classroom recordings. If you plan to transcribe your audio files, you should consider using an external audio recording device or phone so that you can aim it towards the speaker for optimal clarity.
9/27/2023 0 Comments Madcap cafeMadcap is undeniably satisfying and a place everyone should visit. Even if it may be expensive, it is worth it every once and a while. The next time you’re looking for a quick and easy place to grab coffee, I would 100% recommend Madcap Cafe. Overall, the trip to Madcap was successful. So even though it was an appetizing purchase, I don’t think I could visit often. ![]() The tastiness of coffee and hot chocolate was overshadowed by the high price of each. In the cold months to come, I am looking forward to spending calming hours at the tables in Madcap.Īlthough, if I had to make one suggestion, I would have to say that the prices of the drinks were a little pricey. It also was quiet enough where if I were studying, I could focus and learn a lot. There were many people that were scattered across tables with laptops and study clubs. Madcap also seemed like a favorable place to study or do school work. Her exact words were, “Oh my, this is so, so good.” All and all, even though I was reluctant to go, it ended up being a pretty great visit. It tasted so yummy and warmed my throat each time I took a sip.Īccording to my friend, her cup of plain coffee was also very tasty. Hot chocolate can only be made so many ways, but let me assure you, it was one of a kind. But once I did, I can only say that it was very good. I got my mug, and it was steaming hot, which delayed me in taking a big gulp. We were surrounded by a plethora of artwork that I really enjoyed. The table my friend and I chose was cute, quaint, and hidden in the corner. I ended up getting a nice mug of hot chocolate. Madcap was started by a dedicated few that were passionate about sharing great coffee and the story of those producing it with West Michigan and the world. ![]() Our ultimate passion lies in helping people experience the 'seed to cup' process and high quality coffee. The photographer was Isaac Iaoki, and his picture was quite breathtaking.ĭue to my dislike of coffee, I did not end up ordering any. Specialties: Madcap Coffee is a coffee roaster and retailer. Because I knew one of the photographers, I went looking for an image of a bare mermaid on the sand. There were beautiful pictures of artwork scattered all over, and each was so picturesque and intriguing. My initial impression was how artistic the cafe was. Once inside the cafe, I was soaked and undeniably cold. Walking to Madcap Cafe, the cold air was biting at my cheeks, and the rain poured down on me. It was mid-afternoon on Saturday, and in between rehearsals, I had an hour break. And much to my surprise, I actually really enjoyed my time there. This past weekend, I was dragged to a local and notorious shop, Madcap Cafe. The Official Site of Michael Anthony and his Madcap Adventures. ![]() If I am being totally honest, I think coffee tastes like the way your mouth tastes after throwing up.īut in a society full of star-crossed coffee lovers, I have from time to time been roped into eating out at different coffee cafes. Welcome to Mad Anthonys Cafe - the Home of Michael Anthony and his Madcap Adventures Mad Anthonys Cafe. 9/27/2023 0 Comments Improve wifi signal to noise ratio![]() To illustrate this, making some numbers up based on the original post: However higher connection speeds need higher SNRs, so having more margin means that the connection speed is slower than it might otherwise be. It's good in the sense that the line will be stable and won't drop out very often due to interference. Maximum speed at which the DSLAM and your modem will communicate.) A value below 55dB is good.)ĭSLAM Results (Your Location to Telkom Exchange) (The current download speed established between the DSLAM and your modem.) (Maximum speed at which the DSLAM and your modem will communicate.) See my connection details from their dashboard below, and the definitions in brackets:ĪDSL Router Results (Telkom Exchange to Your Location) Perhaps you are mistaking SNR for attenuation? With attenuation, higher dB's is good and low dBs is bad. Sorry, guys, but I am of the opinion that a low SNR is bad, and a high one is good. There are also intelligent DSLAMS that do an adaptive rate after handshake, training and showtime mostly in VDSL vectoring zones, but they are pretty rare. Therefore you'll get way lower SNR margin. Modem link speeds are allowed to be handshaked by both sides to the max possible speed. It could be much more, this is what you read.Īnnex J becomes quite common in Europe. This is why asynchronous DSL show higher SNR for Upstream SNR margin, because of your link speed for upstream is mostly way slower. You will have no buffer.Įxplanation: You'll need 35dB of Signal Noise for 8M sync in one direction, your showtime result is 42db for SNR, then your SNR margin is 7, that is quite good but very, very rare. I also wouldn't recommend this but this may work. It shows up the dB of Signal (!)reserves(!), you will need to do successfull handshake from your modem to carrier DSLAM. An "SNR margin" of 1 or 2 may synchronize your modem correctly. The higher is the better, but explanation in article is wrong. "SNR margin" means "reserves between actual dsl-showtime link speed and actual SNR that is recommended for this link speed in 992.x". This is indeed the actual "Volume" of carrier signal. Fluorescent lights and other sources of EMI close to the modem can affect the SNR as well. At peak times, the noise may increase as your provider's DSLAM becomes congested. Notes: For DSL, the further you are from the exchange, the lower your SNR and the higher your attenuation will be. SNR margin is the buffer between actual current SNR and the SNR required to sync. As with actual SNR, the higher that SNR margin number, the better (stronger signal over background noise). Some DSL routers display both the actual SNR, and the signal-to-noise margin ( SNR margin) as a separate value, which (again) is the difference between the actual SNR and the SNR required to sync at a specific speed. Note that there may be short term bursts of noise that may drop the margin, but due to the sampling time of the management utility in your modem, will not necessarily show up in its interface. In some instances interleaving can help raise the noise margin to an acceptable level. The higher the SNR margin the more stable the connection. For example, to calculate SNR margin: If actual measured SNR = 45db SNR to sync at 8Mbit/s = 35db SNR margin = 45-35 = 10db Higher SNR/SNR margin numbers indicate cleaner/stronger signals, with less background noise. Some NAT wireless routers, for example (notably dd-wrt open source router firmware) use SNR margin, only denoted as " SNR". SNR margin is often confused and used interchangeably with SNR. It is in essence a buffer that allows for fluctuations in SNR without dropping the connection. It can be simplified to: the difference between actual signal and signal required to sync. noise margin) is the difference between the actual SNR and minimal SNR required to sync at a specific speed. Signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR) is defined as the power ratio between a signal (meaningful information) and the background noise (unwanted signal): SNR = signal / noise 6dB or below SNR is bad, you will experience no sync, or intermittent sync problems 7dB-10dB is fair but does not leave much room for variation in conditions 11dB-20dB is good with little or no sync problems (if no large variation) 20dB-28dB is excellent 29dB or above is outstanding The more commonly used SNR margin, as described below is sometimes abbreviated as simply SNR as well. Noise (dBm) in communications is a combination of unwanted interfering signal sources, such as crosstalk, radio frequency interference, distortion, etc. Kitsune bards are just BEGGING for the Arcane Duelist archetype, and the Magical Tail feat might be a worthy investment to augment your spells per day. The Charisma bonus helps with spellcasting and bardic performance DCs, and the Dexterity bonus and racial Acrobatics boost are great for moving around the battlefield. īard: Kitsune make excellent bards, for pretty much the same reasons that elves do. The bite attack can be useful, but that’s also something you can get with a rage power. Don’t try to go for the Vulpine Pounce feat, since a Barbarian can get a full version of pounce through the Great Beast Totem rage power at the same level. I REALLY wish that the first spell on the list for Magical Tail was charm person, because then I would highly recommend that feat in combination with the Alchemist, since the extract list is devoid of spells that can charm enemies, but as it is, bomber Alchemists are too feat-starved to invest two feats on it.īarbarian : The penalty to Strength makes Barbarian a sub-optimal choice for a kitsune. If this also included a bonus to Diplomacy checks, I’d give it a much higher rating.Īlchemist: A kitsune can make an excellent bomb-focused Alchemist, though you won’t want to try a Jekyl-and-Hyde build thanks to the penalty to Strength. Gregarious : This is too situational to give up a flat +2 to Acrobatics, in my opinion. ![]() The only reason to take this alternate trait is if you’re a non-spellcaster with a Charisma score less than 11, in which case there’s nothing at all to lose by choosing this option. The only reason you might want this trait is if you plan to shift in combat before you can get BAB +6, which the feat requires. Low-Light Vision: Once more, I prefer darkvision to this, but it can come in handy sometimes.įast Shifter : This racial trait is an outright trap, since there is a feat that you can take that is in all ways better, Swift Kitsune Shapechanger, which allows you to use your shapechange ability as a swift action, whereas this alternate trait only allows it as a move action. If you are hoping to make use of the Vulpine Pounce feat, you’ll be happy that you have this extra bite attack at the end of a charge. Natural Weapon: Kitsune have a bite attack that deals 1d4 damage, which can be useful to allow for flanking without taking up hands with pesky weapons. This is blue for spellcasters, orange for everyone else. Kitsune Magic: A +1 to the DC of enchantment spells and dancing lights three times per day doesn’t sound like much, but when you’re building an enchantment-master, you’ll love that extra +1. Note that while you use this ability to turn human, you can’t have any other polymorph effects cast on you! The only thing that this doesn’t give you is a boost to any ability scores, which stinks, but it’s a great ability that can be used as a swift action if you pick up Swift Kitsune Shapechanger. You also can’t have polymorph spells cast on you when you are in human or fox form without first reverting to your native kitsune form.Īgile: Kitsune get a +2 racial bonus on Acrobatics checks, which is definitely useful for Kitsune rogues and ninjas, or even for any character who wants to move around the battlefield without being smacked.Ĭhange Shape: You get a limited shapechange ability, allowing you to turn into a specific human, giving you a +10 on Disguise checks. However, this could actually be a double-edged sword, because if you already have a helpful polymorph spell cast upon you (like aspect of the bear or others) and you use your kitsune change shape ability, you lose the effects of that spell. ![]() It’s also worth mentioning that the shapechanger subtype allows a kitsune to use a standard action to remove any detrimental polymorph effect from themselves, which could come in quite handy. Surprisingly, “shapechanger” is not a current legal option for Ranger favored enemy, so you don’t need to worry about that (a Ranger would have to pick humanoid (kitsune) to affect you). Type: Kitsune are humanoids with the kitsune and shapechanger subtypes. Size: Kitsune are the same size as humans. Ktisune are agile and likable, but not very strong, and that makes them ideal as Charisma-based spellcasters and ranged combatants. Ability Scores: +2 Dexterity, +2 Charisma, -2 Strength. 9/27/2023 0 Comments Freelance writer rates 2015![]() Game designer Ryan Macklin has a good article about this. You should be paid for that, too, although it is fair that that be at a lower rate. That said, it's OK if the payment doesn't come instantly, as most publishers do their payments en masse on a periodical basis - but make sure you know when to expect it. Some publishers will portray their policy of paying-on-acceptance as a beneficent act: it's not it's the baseline you should expect. That means a publisher can shelve your work and never pay you for it. Be wary of work-for-hire combined with a low per-word rate. If you're writing for an existing setting, keeping the rights to your work is far less valuable to you, because you're unlikely to be able to re-use it (you're not going to be able to re-use material about Drizzt or Yoda, for example). All of these are OK, but the last two are worth more to you than the former, and may make a lower per-word rate more palatable. Other options include "first publication" (in which you retain ownership but the publisher gets to publish it first) and non-exclusive licenses. "Work for hire" means the publisher owns the output completely. There is a caveat to this - it's reasonable for companies to protect themselves from future claims of similar development to past contest entries, but, as Paizo's Erik Mona says, even then "If we publish it, we pay for it. Look for contests which allow you to keep the rights to your work, or which will pay you if they publish your work. Be wary of contests which grant the copyright of your work to the company that's often a way of getting people to work for free.Royalties on top of a fair rate is perfectly reasonable. That doesn't mean you shouldn't do it, but do it carefully. Do not be afraid to ask for these figures they're asking you to trust them and take a risk by working for royalties only, and if they refuse you those figures you should proceed with caution. Also be wary of jobs offering payment solely in royalties (or a percentage), unless the company has a verifiable track record of good sales - and they should be able to provide you with solid figures.This is a common tactic, and is often puffed up with nice language, but it is exploitation and you should look out for it. Never work for the promise of "exposure", or for "experience".Volunteer work obviously falls outside this category, but volunteer work should clearly be volunteer work, not work paid in "exposure" (see below). (Doing work for somebody is different to doing work with somebody). If you're doing work for somebody, and you're not being paid, you are being exploited.This applies to new writers (and artists, for that matter). They don't have to be dealbreakers, they aren't necessarily bad, and you may well be OK with them, but you should be aware of them. You can click through to apply for opportunities that interest you.Īdvice: Here are a few things to be wary of. I don't want to tell you what to charge for your writing services, or what to pay freelancers, but hopefully the information here will help - a little bit - in making an informed decision. New writers can use this page to help them determine their own value and check out publishers that interest them. In some cases, publishers have kindly volunteered the information thank you! At the moment, it's a bit sparse but I hope it will grow. Using publisher submission information on their official websites, and publishers advertising for writers I have compiled the below list. In this article, which I'll continue to update with new information, I'll tell you what rate a new writer can expect from various publishers. But if you're a new writer, you may be a little lost. Obviously only you, the freelancer, can decide what your labour is worth - and if you're an experienced freelancer you probably already have a pretty solid idea what that figure is. Ed Greenwood, for example, can command a much higher rate than a new writer can. The rate varies from publisher to publisher, and on how experienced the writer is. Freelance writers (as opposed to those on salary) tend to be paid per word. 9/27/2023 0 Comments Flux capacitor 1.21 gigawattsrequires about 4 petawatts of electricity over one year to run life as normal. ![]() In this report, NREL states that about 3.4 acres of solar panels are required to generate one gigawatt hour of electricity over the course of one year. At room temperature plutonium is in its α (alpha) form.Īdvertisement How many solar panels do I need for 1 gigawatt? Plutonium, like most metals, has a bright silvery appearance at first, much like nickel, but it oxidizes very quickly to a dull gray, although yellow and olive green are also reported. Although the original John DeLorean sports car does not have all the bells and whistles added by Doc Brown in the hit film, White’s DeLorean did come with a faux flux capacitor installed by a previous owner. Can a DeLorean reach 88 MpH?Ī DeLorean can reach at least 150 mph, but White said his vehicle “was perfectly happy” doing 88 mph. Time Travel at your own RISK! Plutonium is used by the onboard nuclear reactor which then powers the flux capacitor to provide the needed 1.21 gigawatts of electrical power. How many gigawatts does it take to power a flux capacitor? The time machine is electric and requires a power input of 1.21 gigawatts (1,620,000 hp) to operate, originally provided by a plutonium-fueled nuclear reactor. : a unit of power equal to one billion watts. A kilowatt (kW) is 1,000 watts, a megawatt (MW) is 1,000 kilowatts, a gigawatt (GW) is 1,000 megawatts, and a terawatt (TW) is 1,000 gigawatts. Multiply volts with amps and you get watts. Watt: A watt is a unit of power* equal to one joule per second. One gigawatt is roughly the size of two coal-fired power plants and is enough energy to power 750,000 homes. That’s a sobering fact when you consider that lightning is Utah’s second deadliest natural hazard and has been for the last 15 years according to. Brown was right: they can produce 1.21 gigawatts of power. Is lightning really 1.21 gigawatts?Īnd while lightning strikes vary in strength, Dr. How many amps is 1.21 gigawatts?ġ.21 gigawatts Tom, how am I going to generate that kinda power!” A gigawatt is one billion watts or 83,320,000 amps. ![]() If your typical 100 watt incandescent light bulb draws 100 watts of energy, 1.21 gigawatts would be able to light over 12 million 100 watt light bulbs. Well, a gigawatt is equal to one billion (10 9) watts or 1 gigawatt = 1000 megawatts.
9/27/2023 0 Comments Goodsync mac manual![]() Is there a torrent or keygen for Goodsync?įor some reason people are searching for this. Are there any discount, coupon or promo codes for Goodsync? Just setup a backup job once, make it run on a schedule, and it’ll be done automatically without you ever having to think about it again. ![]() If you’ve been using something like Google Drive to do backups and manually uploading important files there whenever you feel like it’s time to do a backup, the way Goodsync works will be a major advantage to you. Very handy, and as mentioned, this is the main feature of Goodsync. You can make Goodsync run a job every time a file is changed, when Goodsync starts, when you logoff, or on a schedule: If you’re looking at a job and click the “Auto” button in the top right, you’ll get these options: Setting automatic backups and synchronizations There are more advanced features on how you want to run jobs, but the default settings will work just fine for the vast majority of use cases. And that’s pretty much it for setting up jobs with Goodsync. You can click the “Sync” button here (this is a synchronization job, not a backup job) to run the job. If you’ve ran the job before, it’ll also check to see if there are any new differences between the files on your computer and those on Goodsync’s storage: Here Goodsync will look at the folder you want backed up, see how many files are in it, and how much space it’d take. Then, click the “Analyze” button to get Goodsync to start analyzing the job: If you’re on a new account and request 10GB of storage, it’ll be done straight away. When you’re setting up a job like this for the first time, you’ll have to request storage: If you want to manually copy any folders you see here from Goodsync storage to your computer (or vise-versa), just double click on a folder, click Copy, and Paste it to the other side. Here’s an example of me selecting a folder on my computer (“NPG”) to be backed up to Goodsync’s storage: You can choose what folder(s) you’d like to be backed up in a backup or synchronization job, and where they should be backed up to. It’s up to you how often you’d like Goodsync to do a given backup or synchronization job, as well as whether you’d like Goodsync to do it every time a file in a folder to be backed up or synchronized is changed at all (read on to see how this works). two-way job), in addition to copying from your computer to Goodsync’s storage. However, Synchronize will also copy files from Goodsync’s storage to your computer as well (i.e. In case Goodsync’s explanation here is unclear, the difference between Backup and Synchronize is that Backup only copies files from your computer to Goodsync’s storage. First, you’ll want to create a new job (click the “New Job” button in the top left): Let’s have a look at the features in Goodsync. Then you’re done, and upon loading the software for the first time you’ll see this screen: ![]() If you don’t have a password for your computer, leave the password field blank. Then, to have automatic backups, you’ll have to enter the username and password for your computer: You can then register an account, if you don’t have one already: Download the latest version at (46MB) and open it to begin the installation process: In order to automatically backup files, Goodsync is a desktop software. Click here to skip to my verdict on how good Goodsync is or continue reading for a walkthrough on how Goodsync works. ![]() I tested it for many hours, played around with all its features, and wrote this review to help you decide if you should use it. Goodsync is a cloud storage tool, with the key point that it can automatically backup and sync your files at regular intervals. 9/27/2023 0 Comments Large yellow gems![]() The specific gravity of Amber can vary depending on the type and composition but is usually within this range.Ĭitrine is a semi-precious gemstone with a warm, golden hue. This means that the density of Amber is slightly higher than that of water, making it somewhat denser than most other materials. Specific gravity: The specific gravity of Amber is typically between 1.05 and 1.09. ![]() Refractive index: The refractive index of amber ranges from 1.53 to 1.55, depending on the angle of the light entering the material.The clarity of an Amber stone depends on the number of bubbles or inclusions within it, with the most sought-after pieces being those with few or no inclusions. Clarity: Amber’s clarity is characterized by its deep, transparent color and glowing, lustrous appearance.Amber can be brittle, so it should be handled with care and stored away from direct sunlight to avoid cracking or discoloration. Hardness: It has a hardness rating of 2 to 2.5 on the Mohs scale, which means it can be scratched with a fingernail but not easily.The color is associated with the sun’s warm energy. In its darker shades, the orange tone is more prominent. It has a solid gold tone and can appear almost yellow in its lighter shades. Color: Amber is a translucent, warm-toned yellowish-orange hue.You can find Amber in different areas of the world, including India, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, and the Baltic region. Fun Factĭid you know that Amber is the birthstone for the astrological sign of Cancer? It is believed to mirror the energy of the sunniest and warmest month of the year in the Northern Hemisphere, where it is located. In modern times, amber is still highly sought after for its beauty and unique properties. The Chinese have also used Amber for centuries to treat ailments such as headaches, joint pain, anxiety, depression, and even infertility. ![]() Its use as a healing stone dates back to Ancient Greece and Rome. Amber is believed to have healing properties, provide protection against negative energy, and bring good luck. It comes in various colors, from yellow to red, orange, and blue. It has been used in jewelry and decoration since prehistoric times and was popular among the ancients, particularly in Europe. The following are some of the most beautiful and exciting yellow gemstones that can be found across the world: Amber – C,H,OĪmber is a precious gemstone formed from fossilized tree resin. So if you’re looking for a unique yellow item to add to your collection or want to learn more about these fantastic natural objects, read on! We will also discuss how these objects can be used in various craftwork and jewelry-making types. This article will explore some of nature’s most elegant yellow gems, rocks, and minerals. More recently, some rock formations have been unearthed that contain astonishingly bright yellow minerals. Some famous examples include sandstone and quartzite, which have been used in construction for centuries. Rocks can also come in various yellows, ranging from light butterscotch hues to deep ochres and oranges. These gemstones are often cut into faceted pieces for jewelry or left in their raw form for collectors to admire. Citrine, golden beryl, and heliodor are just some of the many varieties of yellow gemstones available today. Gems are a popular choice when it comes to collecting beautiful yellow objects. From the sun to precious stones to minerals, yellow has been used to symbolize wealth, power, and beauty. Yellow is a vibrant, eye-catching color that has captivated people for centuries. 9/27/2023 0 Comments Saltpeter military![]() ![]() In quarrying, high explosives are generally preferred for shattering rock. Since it contains its own oxidizer and additionally burns faster under pressure, its combustion is capable of bursting containers such as a shell, grenade, or improvised "pipe bomb" or "pressure cooker" casings to form shrapnel. In that case, the propellant (and most importantly, gases produced by its burning) must be confined. This is an advantage in a propellant device, where one does not desire a shock that would shatter the gun and potentially harm the operator however, it is a drawback when an explosion is desired. Gunpowder is a low explosive: it does not detonate, but rather deflagrates (burns quickly). Its use in weapons has declined due to smokeless powder replacing it, and it is no longer used for industrial purposes due to its relative inefficiency compared to newer alternatives such as dynamite and ammonium nitrate/fuel oil. Originally developed by the Taoists for medicinal purposes, it was first used for warfare around AD 904. Gunpowder is one of the Four Great Inventions of China. ![]() Nonetheless, it was widely used to fill fused artillery shells (and used in mining and civil engineering projects) until the second half of the 19th century, when the first high explosives were put into use. It thus makes a good propellant but is less suitable for shattering rock or fortifications with its low-yield explosive power. Ignition of gunpowder packed behind a projectile generates enough pressure to force the shot from the muzzle at high speed, but usually not enough force to rupture the gun barrel. Low explosives deflagrate (i.e., burn at subsonic speeds), whereas high explosives detonate, producing a supersonic shockwave. Gunpowder is classified as a low explosive because of its relatively slow decomposition rate and consequently low brisance. Gunpowder has been widely used as a propellant in firearms, artillery, rocketry, and pyrotechnics, including use as a blasting agent for explosives in quarrying, mining, building pipelines and road building. The sulfur and carbon act as fuels while the saltpeter is an oxidizer. It consists of a mixture of sulfur, carbon (in the form of charcoal) and potassium nitrate (saltpeter). Gunpowder, also commonly known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive. American Civil War re-enactors volley firing with black powder Gunpowder for muzzleloading firearms in granulation size Flash pan starter dispenser For other uses, see Gunpowder (disambiguation). |
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